Surtsey, the Icelandic island born from a volcanic eruption in 1963, has been colonized by 89 plant species.

Figs aren't technically a fruit — they're an inverted flower, and wasps pollinate them from the inside.

Tardigrades can survive extreme radiation, freezing, and even space.

A gecko can climb vertical surfaces using microscopic hairs on its feet.

Tornadoes form from powerful rotating thunderstorms.

Water is the only common substance on Earth that naturally exists in all three states — solid, liquid, and gas — at everyday temperatures.

Cactus spines reduce water loss and protect against herbivores.

Plants release oxygen during photosynthesis.

Avocados are technically berries — and they evolved to be eaten by giant ground sloths, which are now extinct.