🐟 Fish

Facts About Fish: The Original Vertebrate Strategy

Fish were the first animals with backbones, and they've been refining the formula for over 500 million years.

30 FactsVerifiedA FactFacts Post

There are more species of fish than every other vertebrate group combined — over 34,000 known species, with new ones described every year. Every land vertebrate, including you, descends from a small fish that crawled out of a Devonian swamp roughly 375 million years ago.

Modern fish range from finger-sized gobies to whale sharks the length of a school bus. They navigate by magnetism, communicate by sound and electricity, and some species can change sex mid-life depending on the social demands of their group.

These verified facts cover fish biology, deep-sea oddities, the strangest species, and the surprising overlap between fish behavior and what we used to think only mammals did.

Below: every fact from our verified archive that touches this topic. Each is independently sourced; click through to its dedicated page.

01
Nature

Some fish can detect electrical fields in water.

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02
Ocean

Some fish can breathe air in certain conditions.

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03
Ocean

Certain fish can produce their own light through bioluminescence.

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04
Ocean

Some fish can survive in near-freezing water.

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05
Ocean

Some fish can change color to blend with their surroundings.

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06
Animals

Some fish use tools to crack open shellfish.

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07
Ocean

Certain fish clean parasites from larger fish.

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08
Ocean

Some fish build intricate sand nests.

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09
Ocean

Certain fish can survive in oxygen-poor water.

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10
Ocean

Certain species of fish live near hydrothermal vents.

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11
Nature

Certain fish form schools to reduce predation risk.

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12
Nature

Certain fish can generate electric fields.

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13
Animals

Certain fish change sex during their lifetime.

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14
Animals

Certain species of fish build bubble nests.

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15
Ocean

Certain fish clean parasites off larger fish.

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16
Ocean

Certain fish live in symbiotic relationships with other species.

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17
Ocean

Certain fish can inflate their bodies to appear larger.

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18
Nature

Some fish can generate electric fields.

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19
Nature

Certain fish produce antifreeze proteins to survive icy waters.

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20
Ocean

Some fish can tolerate extremely salty environments.

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21
Ocean

Some fish use countershading to camouflage in water.

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22
Animals

Some fish can learn by observing other fish.

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23
Ocean

Some fish can walk on land.

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24
Animals

Fish can experience stress and recognize threats.

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25
Animals

Fish can learn routines like feeding schedules.

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26
Animals

Fish can navigate complex environments.

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27
Animals

Fish can recognize individual fish.

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28
Nature

Some fish can survive completely frozen.

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29
Animals

The sailfish is the fastest fish in the ocean, capable of speeds up to 110 km/h.

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30
Ocean

The whale shark is the world's largest fish, growing up to 12 meters and filtering tons of water daily.

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